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8 May 2013

What would you ban, if you could?

law"Hurrah!", shouted the green world, as the neonicotinoid pesticides blamed by everybody (except their producers and their political allies) for the worrying decline in bee numbers.

Bans work. Some major environmental problems have been pretty much fixed by banning the substances involved:

  • The Montreal Protocol banned the use of CFC refrigerants, leading to a stabilisation and slight closure in the hole in the ozone level.
  • The ban in leaded petrol has been credited for great improvements in local air quality - and even for the steady reduction in violent crime which has occurred since the ban.
  • Restrictions on DDT use have been attributed to the rebound in Bald Eagle numbers in the US (although eggs shells remain thin). A ban in lead shot fishing weights led to a massive increase in swan numbers in the UK.

What is inevitable, however, is that those threatened by a ban (and those who are against any environmental protection as a 'cost' to business) will resist, producing their own research to prove that, in the memorable title of a book on the subject, "toxic waste is good for you." This happened in response to the call to phase out DDT in Rachel Carson's Silent Spring and it is happening in the neonicotinoid ban now.

This economic barrier is bunk as bans lead to innovation which is good for the economy. We still have fridges despite the CFC ban. Non-toxic 'sharkskin' anti-fouling paint was developed in response to a ban on toxic TBTs. So we shouldn't listen to the voices of 'no change'.

You don't have to wait until international authorities act, of course. Many organisations run black and grey lists of undesirable chemicals and other materials. Black listed substances must never be used, and whoever proposes a grey list chemical must make the case why it should be used over alternatives. This pre-empts legislation and makes sure the company is ahead of the curve. Some companies have added green lists of preferred chemicals too.

InterfaceFLOR deleted quite a number of carpet tile lines because of the flame retardants required by the other raw materials. The company sees ruling out toxic materials as a drive to innovate and maintain competitive advantage, so they're quite gung-ho about it.

So, over to you. What would you ban, if you could?

 

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14 March 2012

Yes, No or Maybe?

I've often said that the litmus test for a green business is not so much what good things they do as what bad things they stop doing. InterfaceFLOR has killed off product lines requiring highly toxic materials, B&Q refused to stock patio heaters etc. This is where the businesses have decided to say a clear 'no'?

But what about activities like short haul flying? Clearly something you'd like to eradicate, but what happens if a dogmatic 'no!' would mean causing more emissions? It might be that not flying means a larger  low carbon project cannot proceed without swift intervention. You are cutting off your nose to spite your face if you take a hardline, but equally you don't want to find yourself slipping into bad habits.

There are clearly three levels here:

  • Things which should be encouraged;
  • Things which must never be done;
  • Things which should be discouraged.

Volvo deals with the distinction on the last two for chemicals by using black and grey lists to ban certain chemicals (black) and insist designers/buyers investigate alternatives first (grey). Other companies augment this with white lists of preferred chemicals.

This designation can be applied to any other aspect of business - you can create black, grey and white lists of transport options, suppliers, technologies, energy sources etc, etc. The designation between the three depends on your business, your sector and your priorities. Banning black listed items is relatively easy, the key is to ensure that white list items are always much easier to choose than their grey list equivalents.

But the bottom line is if you don't have a system you can't expect these things to happen by magic.

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5 August 2011

Toxic Legacies

My first paid "green" job was researching techniques for the eco-design of "large made to order products" such as oil platforms, ships and process plant - anything very large and one-off. One of my philosophical ideas was to extend the tradition cradle-grave life cycle for such products to include a post-decommissioning "legacy" phase. The purpose was to encourage the designers, owners and operators of such facilities to think beyond the act of dismantling and consider long term residual issues. I was very pleased with this idea, believing it would encapsulate the sustainability idea of intergenerational equity, but after getting it published in the Journal of Engineering Design and including it in my MPhil thesis, it singularly failed to set the eco-design world on fire. One of my colleagues at the time uncharitably said it reminded her of musty old ladies.

So it was with some interest then that I read about Shell having its arm bent by the UN to contribute to the clean up of Ogoniland in Nigeria despite having ceased operations there in 1993. This is exactly the kind of issue that I wanted to encapsulate in my legacy idea. Designers would be challenged to design out such legacy problems on the drawing board, treating them with the same priority as issues in the traditional life cycle. Maybe I should resurrect the idea...

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13 October 2010

Toxic Sludge vs The Oil Spill

I find it quite incredible that the Hungarian 'toxic sludge' disaster has only had a tiny fraction of the press coverage as, say, the BP oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. A similar number of people have died, there remains an ongoing threat at the site itself, and one of the great rivers of the world, The Danube, is at great risk. The BBC has an incredible series of pictures here and here which brought home to me the scale of the disaster.

But the front pages of the paper have been largely sludge-free and I haven't noticed '#toxicsludge' trending on Twitter the way that the '#oilspill' hashtag took off. There was even a TEDxOilspill event, but no TEDxSludge. Why?

Is it because a big multinational was involved in the oil spill and not the sludge disaster? Do we mistrust big oil more than other primary industries? Or do we in the English speaking world simply care more about the US than Hungary?

In my opinion, the only legitimate factor that distinguishes between the two is that the oil spill was a warning of the challenges of pursuing a high carbon future, whereas the toxic sludge is a relic of Soviet-style indifference to the environment.

The two are representative of two very different but serious risks to business. The deep drilling in the Gulf is a canary in the mine telling us that business as usual is not an option. Sticking to a high carbon strategy will become increasingly expensive and risky. The toxic sludge is a reminder that industry needs to take a look at the legacy of its past, the obvious suspects including contaminated land, old oil storage tanks and waste dumps. But, as we move towards a low carbon economy, other 'assets' - inefficient buildings, plant and vehicles that are the norm now - could become liabilities.

A green business will have cleaned up any legacy, eliminated the storage of hazardous material and reduced its dependency on dwindling oil resources. It makes sense for the business and the environment.

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9 March 2009

Weekly Tip(s) #47: Design it out

This is the latest of a series of tips extracted from the Green Business Bible e-book:

Design out environmental problems - McDonough and Braungart have a neat little saying:
“Take the filters out of the pipes and put them where they belong - in the designers’ heads.”

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1 December 2008

Weekly Tip #36: Black & Grey Lists

This is the latest of a series of tips extracted from the Green Business Bible e-book:

Develop ‘grey’ and ‘black’ lists for your business to filter out materials and chemicals which are not ‘safe’. Black list substances should never be purchased and those on the grey list should only be used where no alternative exits. Black and grey lists are highly industry specific, so you will need to research toxic materials in your business and determine which can and can’t be replaced.

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9 June 2007

A Greener Apple

I'm writing this on a three and a half year old Mac PowerBook. Us Mac users are notoriously sanctimonious and, often, downright snooty when it comes to our IT, so it came as a bit of a shock when Greenpeace launched a campaign against Apple for coming bottom in their scorecard of electronics companies for the second year running (see graphic).


Apple's brilliant, but notoriously brittle, CEO Steve Jobs reacted dismissively to the campaign at first, but something must have sunk in as he has now launched an impassioned defence of Apple's record, trailed on the front page of their website last month. The most significant part is a pledge to phase out some of the more controversial chemicals in its product range, such as Brominated Fire Retardants (BFRs) and Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), by 2008 - other computer manufactures have pledged to phase them out by 2009.

So I can go back to being smug about my Mac...

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